Country information
Basic facts on marine waters
- Territorial sea (12 NM): 290 000 km2
- Exclusive Economic Zone: 3 000 000 km2
- Inland and archipelagic waters: 3 110 000 km2
Strategic documents related to MSP
- Law of The Republic Indonesia No. 1 year 2014 on Management of Coastal Zone and Small Islands
- Law of The Republic of Indonesia No. 32 year 2014 on Marine Affairs
- Regulation of Government No. 21 year 2021 on Management of Spatial Planning
- Law of The Republic Indonesia No.34 year 2022 on Action Plan for Indonesian Ocean Policy for 2021 – 2025
- Regulation of the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) Number 28 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Marine Spatial Planning
Technical resources related to MSP
Relevant MSP projects
- Regulation of Government No. 32 Year 2019 on National Marine Spatial Planning
- Regulation of President No. 83 Year 2020 on Interregional Zoning Plan of Makassar Strait
- Regulation of President No. 3 Year 2022 on Interregional Zoning Plan of Java Sea
- Regulation of President No. 64 Year 2022 on Spatial Plan for the National Strategic Area of the Capital of Nusantara for 2022-2024
- Regulation of Local Government in Sulawesi Selatan No. 3 Year 2022 on Sulawesi Selatan Province Spatial Plan for 2022-2041
- Regulation of President No. 30 Year 2023 on Interregional Zoning Plan of Malacca Strait
- Regulation of President No. 85 Year 2024 on Spatial Plan for the National Strategic Area of Banjarmasin, Banjarbaru, Banjar, Barito Kuala, and Tanah Metropolitan Urban Areas
- Regulation of Local Government in DKI Jakarta No. 7 Year 2024 on DKI Jakarta Province Spatial Plan for 2024- 2044
- Regulation of President No. 29 Year 2023 on Interregional Zoning Plan of Flores Sea
Current status of MSP
Name of the plan |
National MSP |
|---|---|
Year of approval
|
2019 |
Size of planning area in km2
|
64 000 000 km2 |
Authority leading the MSP process
|
Directorate of Marine Spatial Planning, MMAF Indonesia |
Current status |
|
|---|---|
Pre-planning
|
Completed |
Assessments for planning
|
Completed |
Plan development
|
Completed |
Plan completion
|
Completed |
Plan approval
|
Completed |
Plan implementation
|
Underway |
Plan review
|
Underway |
MSP Typology |
|
|---|---|
Scale (Local/ Sub-national/ National)
|
National |
Scope (Coastal Zone /Coastal and Marine /Marine)
|
Coastal and Marine |
Purpose (Strategic /Zoning /Comprehensive)
|
Strategic |
Political commitment (Informal /Executive decision / Legal statute)
|
Legal statute |
Implementation framework (Guiding /Legally binding)
|
Legally binding |
Main objectives (Biodiversity conservation / Economic development / Multiple objectives)
|
Multiple objectives |
Spatial allocation (Limited / Partial allocation /Detailed allocation)
|
Partial allocation |
Stakeholders involved (Limited /Key sectors /Sectors & Public)
|
Sectors & Public |
Participatory process (Informative /Consultative /Collaborative)
|
Collaborative |
Funding (Government /Public-Private /Grants)
|
Government |
Name of the plan |
Interregional Zoning Plans |
|---|---|
Year of approval
|
1 plan was approved in 2020, 6 plans were approved in 2022, 2 plans were approved in 2023 and 2 plans were approved in 2024, 2 plans are going to be approved in early 2025, 4 plans are in the legalisation process in 2024, 2 plans to start the legalisation process in 2025 |
Size of planning area in km2
|
852 081,24 km2 for all 20 Interregional Zoning Plans |
Authority leading the MSP process
|
Directorate of Marine Spatial Planning, MMAF Indonesia |
Current status |
|
|---|---|
Pre-planning
|
Completed |
Assessments for planning
|
Completed |
Plan development
|
Completed |
Plan completion
|
Completed |
Plan approval
|
Underway |
Plan implementation
|
Underway |
Plan review
|
Underway |
MSP Typology |
|
|---|---|
Scale (Local/ Sub-national/ National)
|
Sub-national |
Scope (Coastal Zone /Coastal and Marine /Marine)
|
Marine |
Purpose (Strategic /Zoning /Comprehensive)
|
Comprehensive |
Political commitment (Informal /Executive decision / Legal statute)
|
Legal statute |
Implementation framework (Guiding /Legally binding)
|
Legally binding |
Main objectives (Biodiversity conservation / Economic development / Multiple objectives)
|
Multiple objectives |
Spatial allocation (Limited / Partial allocation /Detailed allocation)
|
Detailed allocation |
Stakeholders involved (Limited /Key sectors /Sectors & Public)
|
Sectors & Public |
Participatory process (Informative /Consultative /Collaborative)
|
Collaborative |
Funding (Government /Public-Private /Grants)
|
Government |
Name of the plan |
MSP of National Strategic Areas |
|---|---|
Year of approval
|
From 36 MSP of of National Strategic Areas, 3 plans were approved in 2022, 1 Plan was approved in 2023, 1 plan was approved in 2024. For MSP of the outermost small island 1 plan was approved in 2017, 2 plans were approved in 2018, 3 plans were approved in 2020 |
Size of planning area in km2
|
20 532,82 km2 for 5 approved MSP of National Strategic Areas and 16 685,1 km2 for 65 approved MSP outermost small island |
Authority leading the MSP process
|
Directorate of Marine Spatial Planning, MMAF Indonesia |
Current status |
|
|---|---|
Pre-planning
|
Completed |
Assessments for planning
|
Completed |
Plan development
|
Underway |
Plan completion
|
Underway |
Plan approval
|
Underway |
Plan implementation
|
Underway |
Plan review
|
N/A |
MSP Typology |
|
|---|---|
Scale (Local/ Sub-national/ National)
|
Sub-national |
Scope (Coastal Zone /Coastal and Marine /Marine)
|
Coastal Zone |
Purpose (Strategic /Zoning /Comprehensive)
|
Zoning |
Political commitment (Informal /Executive decision / Legal statute)
|
Legal statute |
Implementation framework (Guiding /Legally binding)
|
Legally binding |
Main objectives (Biodiversity conservation / Economic development / Multiple objectives)
|
Multiple objectives |
Spatial allocation (Limited / Partial allocation /Detailed allocation)
|
Detailed allocation |
Stakeholders involved (Limited /Key sectors /Sectors & Public)
|
Sectors & Public |
Participatory process (Informative /Consultative /Collaborative)
|
Collaborative |
Funding (Government /Public-Private /Grants)
|
Government |
Name of the plan |
MSP of Outermost Small Islands |
|---|---|
Year of approval
|
From 36 MSP of of National Strategic Areas, 3 plans were approved in 2022, 1 Plan was approved in 2023, 1 plan was approved in 2024. For MSP of the outermost small island 1 plan was approved in 2017, 2 plans were approved in 2018, 3 plans were approved in 2020 |
Size of planning area in km2
|
20 532,82 km2 for 5 approved MSP of National Strategic Areas and 16 685,1 km2 for 65 approved MSP outermost small island |
Authority leading the MSP process
|
Directorate of Marine Spatial Planning, MMAF Indonesia |
Current status |
|
|---|---|
Pre-planning
|
Completed |
Assessments for planning
|
Completed |
Plan development
|
Underway |
Plan completion
|
Underway |
Plan approval
|
Underway |
Plan implementation
|
Underway |
Plan review
|
N/A |
MSP Typology |
|
|---|---|
Scale (Local/ Sub-national/ National)
|
Sub-national |
Scope (Coastal Zone /Coastal and Marine /Marine)
|
Coastal Zone |
Purpose (Strategic /Zoning /Comprehensive)
|
Zoning |
Political commitment (Informal /Executive decision / Legal statute)
|
Legal statute |
Implementation framework (Guiding /Legally binding)
|
Legally binding |
Main objectives (Biodiversity conservation / Economic development / Multiple objectives)
|
Multiple objectives |
Spatial allocation (Limited / Partial allocation /Detailed allocation)
|
Detailed allocation |
Stakeholders involved (Limited /Key sectors /Sectors & Public)
|
Sectors & Public |
Participatory process (Informative /Consultative /Collaborative)
|
Collaborative |
Funding (Government /Public-Private /Grants)
|
Government |
Which marine spatial plan exists?
Click here for more details about the plans above:
-
Central Government:
-
Provincial Government:
National authority in charge of MSP |
Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries |
Governmental funding |
National Government budget for national and subnational plan and provincial government budget for local plan |
External funding |
N/A |
Public-Private funding |
N/A |
Total size of planning area |
6 400 000 km2 (which include territorial waters, archipelagic waters, internal waters, EEZ, Contiguous Zone, and the continental shelf) |
Time required to complete the planning document |
1 year for drafting the document of MSP and 1 year for legalization process |
Main issues that led to the adoption of MSP (drivers) |
Blue Economic growth, Conservation, and Biodiversity concerns |
Stakeholder engagement activities |
Throughout the MSP process |
Sectors included in planning |
All sectors |
Articulation between MSP and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (IZCM) |
Strong connection to coastal management program to improve the function of marine and fisheries development centres in coastal areas, including marine facilities and infrastructure network systems |
Articulation between MSP and marine conservation (including the Kunming- Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework) |
MPAs and MSPs are planned under separate processes, but Indonesia’s MSP has incorporated the target for MPA expansion in line with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework |
Articulation between MSP and sustainable blue economy |
Blue economy becomes the principle in the composing of MSP and MSP is also one of the supporting factors for Indonesian blue economy policy |
Articulation between MSP and climate change (including the Paris Agreement) |
The Indonesia MSP has incorporated efforts for disaster mitigation due to climate change, allocated zones for the protection of blue ecosystems, and is developing MSP specifically for blue ecosystems |
Plan approval process |
The national MSP is approved through a Government Regulation and the subnational MSPs (for national strategic area and particular national strategic area) are set by a Presidential Regulation while local MSPs are determined by Provincial Regulations |
Legal status of the plan (guiding or legally binding) |
Legally binding |
Plan review process |
Review/revision every five years or other timeframe when necessary (e.g. due to natural disasters or other national urgent matters) |
Performance monitoring and evaluation |
MMAF has been monitoring whether the implementation aligns with the MSP in terms of marine permits, while evaluation is being initiated in several areas to compare the actual marine space utilization with the plans outlined in the MSP |
Interactions with neighbouring countries in the context of MSP attending transboundary coherence approaches |
Indonesia is currently assisting Timor-Leste and Malaysia in initiating their marine spatial planning by sharing its experiences and providing training and workshops, which can help achieve the MSP goals at the regional level, particularly with neighbouringcountries sharing maritime borders |
Legal framework
MSP in Indonesia is governed by several key regulations, both in the form of laws and technical regulations, covering aspects of planning, utilization, supervision, and the management of coastal spatial planning. These regulations serve as a crucial foundation to ensure the integrated and sustainable implementation of MSP in Indonesia. Below is a description of the related legislation:
1. Government Regulation No. 32 of 2019 on Marine Spatial Planning
This regulation serves as the primary legal basis for the implementation of MSP in Indonesia. It outlines the objectives, types, and scope of MSP.
2. Law No. 6 of 2023
This law ratifies Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 2 of 2022 on Job Creation as a formal law. This law also includes several articles that mandate the integration of terrestrial and marine spatial planning.
3. Government Regulation No. 21 of 2021 on Spatial Planning Implementation
This regulation provides further guidance for spatial planning implementation, including the positioning of MSP within the national spatial planning system.
4. Ministerial Regulation No. 28 of 2021 on Marine Spatial Planning Implementation. This regulation details four aspects of marine spatial planning:
o Planning: Regulates substantial provisions, the planning procedure for MSP, and the review of MSP.
o Marine Space Utilization: Data management and the implementation of sea use permits.
o Control of Marine Space Utilization: Regulates the implementation of MSP, provision of incentives and disincentives, sanctions, and the resolution of MSP-related disputes.
o Capacity Building and Supervision: Improves the quality of marine spatial planning implementation and public participation, as well as conducting audits, evaluations, and reporting of MSP.
Indonesia is also developing policy regulations to formulate the digitalisation of MSP, detailed zoning plans and technical guidelines for the standardization of the integration process between terrestrial and marine spatial planning.
Contact
Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries
Mr. Suharyanto – Director of Marine Spatial Planning